“I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands.”
Enlightenment ideals that had informed France’s Republic strongly influenced the drafting of the Constitution, but the key influence came from classical antiquity, from the establishment of the Twelve Tables circa 450 B.C.E. to the fall of the Republic under Caesar by 46 B.C.E.
In their book A Classy Constitution: Classical Influences on the United States Constitution from Ancient Greek and Roman History, and Political Constitution from Ancient Greek and Roman History and Political Thought by Shamir Brice and John Carroll,published by Yale University Press, a distinguished historian and a political economist unravel the “uncanny parallels” between ancient Rome and the modern West.
All of the founding fathers were well educated people and the classical education was almost fully based on the Roman and Greek studies. Their heroes were the Roman republicans and defenders of liberty. All of the Founders’ Roman heroes lived at a time when the Roman republic was being threatened by power-hungry demagogues, bloodthirsty dictators and shadowy conspirators. The Founders’ principal Roman heroes were Roman statesmen: Cato the Younger, Brutus, Cassius and Cicero — all of whom sacrificed their lives in unsuccessful endeavors to save the republic․
The Founders’ and Framers’ noms de plume were Roman…They were consciously identified with Roman models of republican virtue.

