We find all the requisites of civilization included with the establishment of YHVH’s nation of Israel:
- political law and order for safety from danger within and without,
- A national language unifying the mixed multitude that joined the Hebrew exodus from Egypt and steadily amalgamated into Israel, as per YHVH’s plan to reunite the nations of the world under his rule,
- a moral code,
- education for the perpetuation of YHVH’s civilization in an interdependent web of society under YHVH’s leadership
- detailed functions of government leaders
- requirements for citizenship in God’s holy nation.
We can understand this by comparison to the American founders’ constitution / charter / formation / organization / written law establishing the United States of America.
The Constitution of the United States describes the way the government is structured and how it operates.
- The first three articles establish the three branches of government and their powers: Legislative (Congress), Executive (office of the President,) and Judicial (Federal court system).
- A system of checks and balances prevents any one of these separate powers from becoming dominant.
- Articles four through seven describe the relationship of the states to the Federal Government, establish the Constitution as the supreme law of the land, and define the amendment and ratification processes.
The Code of Hammurabi is a contemporaneous example of the constituting (verb) of one nation under god providing liberty and justice to all citizens through the rule of law publicly available therefore, therefore able to be appealed to for justice, in a written Constitution (noun). The laws are written in the same “if…then” format as the law of Moses, providing punishments for breaking the laws. It also declares, like the law of Moses, to have been given directly to the human ruler by the god.
When Anu the Sublime, King of the Anunaki, and Bel, the lord of Heaven and earth, who decreed the fate of the land, assigned to Marduk, the over-ruling son of Ea, God of righteousness, dominion over earthly man, and made him great among the Igigi…then Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, to destroy the wicked and the evil-doers; so that the strong should not harm the weak;
The United States Supreme Court building honors historic lawgivers in a frieze, where you can see Hammurabi preceding Moses in the lineup.
With this background in mind, take a fresh look at Leviticus and Deuteronomy. Or maybe a first look. We will find the exact same purpose of the law and even many of the same laws and principles, giving rise to claims that Moses never met God on Mount Sinai but simply plagiarized the earlier Code of Hammurabi. If we grant that all humans share the same needs for security, and that concrete idioms like “eye for an eye” are easier for uneducated citizens to understand that abstract terms like “equitable” so are generally useful for communication, we won’t jump to false conclusions about the source of the Mosaic code.
We can also see the same essential similarities between the American Constitution and the Israelite, but I don’t think anyone accuses the writers of that document of plagiarizing the Bible. Hmmm.
Legislative Branch
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Ye shall make you no idols nor graven image, neither rear you up a standing image, neither shall ye set up any image of stone in your land [as a repository allowing interaction with hyperdimensionals], to bow down unto it: for I am the LORD your [protecting and providing] God [not them]…
- If ye walk in my statutes, and keep my commandments, and do them;
- Then I will… give you rain in due season…and ye shall eat your bread to the full, and dwell in your land safely.
- And I will give peace in the land…and none shall make you afraid: and
- I will rid evil beasts out of the land, neither shall the sword go through your land.
- I will…make you fruitful / productive, and
- multiply you, and
- establish / make permanent my covenant with you…
- set my tabernacle dwelling place among you…And
- I will walk among you, and will be your God, and ye shall be my people
- But if ye will not hearken unto me, and will not do all these commandments; And if ye shall despise my statutes, orif your soul abhor my judgments, so that ye will not do all my commandments, but that ye break my covenant: I also will do this unto you; I will even appoint over you terror, consumption, and the burning ague…and
- ye shall be slain before your enemies: they that hate you shall reign over you.
- when ye are gathered together within your cities, I will send the pestilence among you; and
- ye shall be delivered into the hand of the enemy.
- And if ye will not for all this hearken unto me, but walk contrary to me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins...
- And ye shall eat the flesh of your sons, and…your daughters
- I will bring the land into desolation…And
- I will scatter you among the heathen, and
- they that are left of you shall pine away in their iniquity in your enemies’ lands; and also in the iniquities of their fathers shall they pine away with them.
- If they shall confess their iniquity, and the iniquity of their fathers, with their trespass which they trespassed against me, and that also they have walked contrary unto me…if then their uncircumcised hearts be humbled, and they then accept of the punishment of their iniquity:
- Then will I remember my covenant with Jacob,
- and also my covenant with Isaac,
- and also my covenant with Abraham…and
- I will remember the land...when they be in the land of their enemies…
- I will for their sakes remember the covenant of their ancestors, whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt in the sight of the heathen, that I might be their God: I am the LORD
Judicial Branch
“Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.” (Exodus 18:25-26)”If there arise a matter too hard for thee in judgment…being matters of controversy within thy gates: then…thou shalt come unto the priests the Levites, and unto the judge that shall be in those days, and enquire; and they shall shew thee the sentence of judgment…and thou shalt observe to do according to all that they inform thee…thou shalt not decline from the sentence which they shall shew thee…And the man that will do presumptuously, and will not hearken unto the priest that standeth to minister there before the LORD thy God, or unto the judge, even that man shall die: and thou shalt put away the evil from Israel.” (Deuteronomy 17:8-12)
Executive Branch
- These are the statutes and judgments and laws, which the LORD made between him and the children of Israel in mount Sinai by the hand of Moses. (Leviticus 26)
- “Thou shalt…set him king over thee, whom the LORD thy God shall choose: one from among thy brethren…
- thou mayest not set a stranger over thee…
- he shall not multiply horses [excessive military expenditures] to himself,
- Neither shall he multiply wives to himself, that his heart turn not away:
- neither shall he greatly multiply to himself silver and gold [burdensome taxation]…
- he shall write him a copy of this law in a book out of that which is before the priests the Levites…he shall read therein all the days of his life…to keep all the words of this law and these statutes, to do them: That his heart be not lifted up above his brethren [true representative government]” (Deuteronomy 17:15-20)
Moses’ system of law is only possible for those who love, obey, and choose to identify with YHVH.
“I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing: therefore choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live: That thou mayest love the LORD thy God, and that thou mayest obey his voice, and that thou mayest cleave unto him: for he is thy life, and the length of thy days:” (Deuteronomy 30:19-20)
The Message of the Holy Prophet (pbuh / peace be upon him) Is for All Mankind
The foremost feature we observe in his apostolic mission is that he (pbuh) addresses man in his capacity as a human being, setting aside all distinctions of color, race, language or country. He (pbuh) propounds tenets for the welfare of all mankind…
Widest Conception of the Oneness of God
The foremost of these principles is the belief in the Oneness of God, not just in the sense that God exists, nor merely that there is only One God, but in the sense that [he is] the Creator, Master, and All-Wise Sovereign of this universe…alone. There is no comparable authority in the whole universe which is sovereign and has the right to command or forbid; or has the power to make certain things lawful and others unlawful by decree…It is the sole prerogative of the Creator and master to allow certain things in this world at Will and to prohibit certain things at Will…we owe allegiance to no one except Him and that no power on earth has the right to enact a law that is inimical to His Commandments…He has absolute power in regard to life or death… It, therefore, behooves man, who subsists in this universe, to devote his life to carrying out the Will of God. Should man obtain a license to do what he likes or own obedience to some other power, his pattern of life would run counter to the entire system of the universe…In this way, we shall be in a state of constant collision with the system of the universe…
the Supremacy of the Law, the Law which no monarch, dictator, democratic parliament or assembly of believers…bestows on man permanent values of Good and Evil, and no one has the power to transmute these values with a view to changing Good into Evil or vice versa…
“You are all answerable to God…for each act, each word, in fact, for the whole course of your life wherein you have been given limited autonomy. You will be raised after death and presented in the court of your Lord for reckoning.” When human conscience is permeated with such a stupendous moral force, it will be as if every human being were being guarded by a sentinel who challenges every evil thought that enters one’s mind and hinders all action that may arise from an evil thought…The dichotomy between public and private spheres cannot exist in the life of a person who has a sense of accountability to God. This person does not adopt honesty just because it is the best policy, but because the person has cultivated honesty in his soul and nothing could be more distant from his thoughts than the practice of dishonesty…
Morality is meant for practical application in all spheres of life…true saintliness consists in participating in the affairs of the world as a ruler, magistrate, army commander, police inspector, businessman, industrialist. In fact, displaying through all other activities of the temporal life, a pious and honest character whenever one’s faith is put to the test. In this way, the Holy Prophet (pbuh)…enforced morality and spirituality in economic, social and political affairs and in the conduct of peace or war, establishing the supremacy of the righteous moral code in all these fields of life.